• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Turbomachine module, comprising a rotating wheel rotatably mounted inside a housing of the module and surrounded by a sectorized sealing ring (18) which comprises an annular row of sectors, each ring sector comprising at least one hook circumferential which is configured to cooperate with a ring annular attachment of the casing, the module further comprising a sectorized ring-shaped protective foil (50) which is interposed between the hooks of the ring sectors and the casing rail and which comprises a annular row of foil sectors, characterized in that the edges (60) of the circumferential ends of the foil sectors are not aligned with the edges (58) of the circumferential ends of the ring sectors along the longitudinal axis of the module.
    公开号:FR3024883A1
    申请号:FR1457829
    申请日:2014-08-14
    公开日:2016-02-19
    发明作者:Cyril Loiseau；Alain Dominique Gendraud；Sebastien Jean Laurent Prestel
    申请人:SNECMA SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a turbomachine module, which may be a turbine or be part of a turbine for example. STATE OF THE ART A turbomachine turbine comprises one or more stages each comprising a distributor formed of an annular row of vanes carried by a casing of the turbine, and a rotor wheel rotatably mounted generally downstream of the distributor. The wheel is surrounded by a sealing ring which is sectored and formed by sectors which are arranged circumferentially end to end and which are hooked on the casing of the turbine. Each ring sector generally comprises a circumferentially oriented metal plate which carries a block of abradable material attached to the inner surface of the plate. This block is for example of the honeycomb type and is intended to wear by friction on external annular wipers of the vanes of the wheel, to form a labyrinth seal and minimize the radial clearances between the wheel and the ring areas. Each ring sector comprises at its upstream and downstream ends hooking means on the housing. Each ring sector may comprise at its upstream end a circumferential hook which defines an annular groove in which is engaged, on the one hand, an annular rail of the housing, and on the other hand, a downstream circumferential hook of the distributor located upstream. . The downstream circumferential hook of the distributor is held tight radially against the casing rail by means of the upstream circumferential hook of the ring, which comprises two coaxial annular walls, extending one inside the other, and which extend respectively inside the distributor hook and outside the casing rail. This allows to participate in the radial maintenance of the distributor vis-à-vis the housing. The circumferential or tangential maintenance of the distributor can be provided by means of an anti-rotation pin which is carried by the housing and is engaged in a notch of the distributor. Its axial downstream maintenance is generally provided by a split annular ring which is mounted in an annular groove of the aforementioned casing rail, which opens radially inwards. The downstream circumferential hook of the distributor is in axial support downstream on this rod 3024883 2 which is held radially in the groove of the casing rail by the internal walls of the hooks of the ring sectors, which extend radially to the inside the ring. In a variant, the axial stop function of this rod can be provided directly by the casing rail.
    [0002] It is known to use an annular foil protecting the crankcase rail, in particular against wear and high temperatures. This foil is sectorized and comprises an annular row of foil sectors arranged circumferentially end to end. It has a generally U-shaped or C-shaped cross-section and comprises two coaxial annular walls, respectively internal and external, connected together by a bottom middle wall. The opening of the hooks of the ring sectors is oriented axially upstream and receives the foil sectors which are configured so that their walls lining those of the hooks of the ring sectors. The inner walls of the foil sectors are intended to extend on the radially outer faces of the inner walls of the hooks of the ring sectors, the outer walls of the foil sectors are intended to extend on the radially inner faces of the walls. external hooks of the ring sectors, and the bottom walls of the foil sectors are intended to extend on upstream radial faces of the bottom walls of the hooks of the ring sectors.
    [0003] In the mounting position of the ring sectors on the casing rail, the inner walls of the foil sectors are interposed between the inner walls of the hooks of the ring sectors and the hooks of the distributor, or even the annular ring, the walls. external portions of the foil sectors are interposed between the outer walls of the hooks of the ring sectors and the sump rail, and the bottom walls of the foil sectors are interposed between the bottom walls of the hooks of the ring sectors and the crankcase rail. The foil sectors are made of sheet metal and make it possible to avoid direct contact between the hooks of the ring sectors and the casing rail, which makes it possible on the one hand to protect the latter against frictional wear and other It can be thermally protected from the ring, which can be very hot during operation because of its proximity to the combustion gases flowing in the turbine duct. Due to the segmentation of the ring, the longitudinal edges of the circumferential ends of two adjacent sectors of the ring are facing each other 3024883 3 and are separated from each other by a circumferential clearance through which hot gases from the vein can pass. These hot gases tend to heat the housing which is harmful for several reasons. One reason is that heating the casing would cause expansion and deformation of the latter which could alter the radial clearances between the impeller and the ring, and thus reduce the performance of the turbine. A known solution to this problem is to insert sealing tabs between the ring sectors, which are housed in grooves of the aforementioned longitudinal edges its ring sectors. However, because of the sectoring of the foil, the longitudinal edges of the circumferential ends of two adjacent sectors of the foil are opposite one another and are separated from each other by a circumferential clearance. In the present art, the circumferential gaps between the foil sectors are axially aligned with the circumferential gaps between the ring sectors, and in particular with the circumferential gaps between the hooks of the ring sectors at which it is not it is not possible to mount tongues of the aforementioned type for reasons of space in particular. Hot gases can thus pass through the circumferential gaps between the hooks of the ring sectors and between the foil sectors and heat the casing rail, which may reduce its service life. The present invention aims in particular to provide a simple, effective and economical solution to this need by improving in particular the thermal protection of the crankcase rail in the aforementioned case. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention thus proposes a turbomachine module, comprising a mobile wheel rotatably mounted inside a housing of the module and surrounded by a sectorized sealing ring which comprises an annular row of sectors of ring arranged so that circumferential end edges of two adjacent sectors are substantially facing each other, each ring sector having at least one circumferential hook which is configured to cooperate with a ring rail of the housing further includes a sectorized protective annular foil which is interposed between the hooks of the ring sectors and the housing rail and which comprises an annular row of foil sectors arranged so that circumferential end edges of two adjacent sectors are substantially opposite one another, characterized in that the edges 3024883 4 circumferential ends of the foil sectors are not aligned with the edges of the circumferential ends of the ring sectors along the longitudinal axis of the module. The invention makes it possible to better protect the crankcase rail since the gases that could pass between the edges of the circumferential ends of the ring sectors would then be blocked by the foil sectors (because of their angular displacement vis-à-vis screw ring sectors) and would not reach the crankcase rail. The module according to the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken singly or in combination with each other: the number of ring sectors is equal to the number of foil sectors; the ring sectors are arranged in staggered relation to the foil sectors; The hooks of the ring sectors have a generally U-shaped or C-shaped cross section whose opening is oriented axially, and each comprise a bottom medial wall which connects two coaxial annular walls respectively radially internal and external; the foil sectors have a generally U-shaped or C-shaped cross section, the opening of which is oriented axially, and each comprise a bottom medial wall which connects two respectively radially internal and external coaxial annular walls, the foil sectors being engaged in the hook openings of the ring sectors and mounted on the casing rail, so that the inner walls of the foil sectors are interposed between an inner face of the casing rail and the inner walls of the hooks of the sectors. ring, that the bottom walls of the foil sectors are interposed between a substantially radial face of the casing rail and the bottom walls of the hooks of the ring sectors, and that the outer walls of the foil sectors are interposed between a outer face of the crankcase rail and the outer walls of the hooks of the ring sectors; The inner walls of the hooks of the ring sectors have a radius of curvature different from that of the casing rail so as to be mounted in radial prestressing on the rail, and in which the internal walls of the foil sectors comprise radial notches. which open on free circumferential edges of the foil sectors and which are substantially axially aligned with the edges of the circumferential ends of the hooks of the ring sectors; said notches each have a general V-shape and are substantially formed in the middle of the internal walls of the foil sectors; 5 - the circumferential ends of the inner walls of the hooks of the ring sectors are radially supported on the inner walls of the foil sectors, substantially to the right of the bottoms of the notches; the inner or outer walls of the hooks of the ring sectors comprise radial notches substantially in their middle, and in which the internal or external walls of the foil sectors comprise either radial end notches which are substantially radially aligned with the aforementioned notches of the hooks of the ring sectors, or foldable radial tabs which are configured to be folded down and engaged in the aforementioned notches of the hooks of the ring sectors. The module is a turbine. The present invention also relates to a turbomachine, comprising at least one module as described above. Finally, the present invention relates to an annular sectorized protection foil for a module as described above, comprising an annular row of 20 foil sectors, in which each foil section has a generally U-shaped or C-shaped cross-section, of which The aperture is axially oriented, and comprises a bottom medial wall which connects two respectively radially inner and outer coaxial annular walls, said inner walls including radial notches substantially in their middle, which open on free circumferential edges of the sectors. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The invention will be better understood and other details, characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of nonlimiting example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a partial schematic half-view in axial section of a turbomachine turbine; - Figure 2 is a schematic view on a larger scale of a portion of Figure 1 and shows a sealing ring and an annular foil of the turbine; FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view from above of the sealing ring and annular foil of a turbine according to the prior art; - Figure 4 is a partial schematic view from above of the sealing ring and the annular foil of a turbine according to the invention; Figure 5 is a diagrammatic sectional view along the line V-V of Figure 2; - Figures 6 and 7 are schematic perspective views of a ring sector and a foil sector, according to one embodiment of the invention; FIG. 8 is a very schematic partial and bottom view of the foil of FIGS. 6 and 7; and FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrammatic views, respectively in perspective and in axial section, of an alternative embodiment of a ring sector and a foil sector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Reference is first made to FIGS. 1 and 2 which show a turbine 10, in this case low-pressure, of a turbomachine such as a turbojet or an airplane turbo-propeller, this turbine comprising several stages (of which only one is here shown) each comprising a distributor 12 formed of an annular row of blades fixed by a housing 14 of the turbine, and a impeller 16 mounted downstream of the distributor 12 and rotating in a ring 18 attached to the housing 14 .
    [0004] The ring 18 is sectored and formed of several sectors which are borne circumferentially end to end by the casing 14 of the turbine. Each ring sector 18 comprises a frustoconical wall 20 and a block 22 of abradable material fixed by soldering and / or welding on the radially inner surface of the wall 20, this block 22 being of the honeycomb type and intended for use friction on external annular wipers 24 of the vanes of the wheel 16 to minimize the radial clearances between the wheel and the ring sectors 18. Each ring sector 18 comprises at its upstream end a circumferential hook 32 to section C or U whose opening opens upstream and which is engaged axially downstream on a cylindrical hook 34 facing downstream of the distributor 12 located upstream of the ring sectors 18, a part, and on a cylindrical rail 36 of the casing 14 on which is hooked this distributor, on the other hand. The hook 32 of each ring sector 18 comprises two circumferential walls 38 and 40 extending upstream, radially outer and radially inner respectively, which are interconnected at their upstream ends by a bottom medial wall 42. substantially radial, and which respectively extend radially outside and inside the rail 36, the inner wall 40 holding the hook 34 of the distributor radially against the rail 36.
    [0005] The circumferential maintenance of the distributor 12 is provided by means of an anti-rotation pin 44 which is carried by the casing 14 and is engaged in a notch of the distributor 12. Its downstream axial retention is ensured by a rod annular ring 46 which is mounted in an annular groove 48 of the rail 36, which opens radially inwards. The hook 34 of the distributor 12 bears axially downstream on the rod 46 which is held radially in the groove of the casing rail by the inner wall 40, which extends radially inside the rod 46. alternatively, the axial stop function of the rod 46 can be provided directly by the casing rail 36. The downstream ends of the ring sectors 18 are clamped radially on a cylindrical rail 30 of the casing by the distributor located downstream of the casing sectors. 'ring. The ring sectors 18 are radially outwardly supported on a radially inner cylindrical face of the housing rail 30, and inwardly on a radially outer cylindrical face of a cylindrical rim 28 of the downstream distributor. To protect the rail 36 against wear and tear, it is known to use an annular foil 50 which is sectored and comprises an annular row of foil sectors circumferentially end-to-end. It has a generally C or U-shaped cross section and comprises two coaxial annular walls, respectively inner 52 and outer 54, interconnected by a bottom middle wall 56. The foil 50 is mounted on the casing rail 36 and on the hook 34 of the dispenser 12 so that the inner walls 52 of the foil sectors 50 are interposed between the inner walls 40 of the hooks 32 of the ring sectors 18, on the one hand, and the hooks 34 of the distributor 12 and the annular ring 46, on the other hand, that the outer walls 54 of the foil sectors are interposed between the outer walls 38 of the hooks 32 of the ring sectors and the casing rail 36, and that the bottom walls 56 of the foil sectors are interposed between the bottom walls 42 of the hooks of the ring sectors and the casing rail 36 (FIG. 2). The foil sectors 50 are made of sheet metal and make it possible to avoid direct contact between the hooks 32 of the ring sectors 18 and the casing rail 36, which makes it possible on the one hand to protect the latter against frictional wear. and on the other hand thermally protect it from the ring which can be very hot in operation because of its proximity to the combustion gases flowing in the turbine duct. As explained in the foregoing and illustrated by FIG. 3, which represents the prior art of the present invention, the longitudinal edges 58 of the circumferential ends of the ring sectors 18 are separated from each other by circumferential gaps through which Hot gases from the vein of the turbine can pass. The longitudinal edges 60 of the circumferential ends of the foil sectors 50 are also separated from each other by circumferential clearances which are aligned axially with the clearances between the ring sectors 18. The aforementioned hot gases may pass through the circumferential gaps. between the hooks 32 of the ring sectors 18 and between the foil sectors 50 and heating the casing rail 36 (arrow 62 in Figure 2), which may reduce its life. Indeed, the tabs 64 which are mounted between the longitudinal edges 58 of the circumferential ends of the ring sectors 18 do not extend up to the hooks 32 of the ring sectors 18 and do not prevent the passage of gas to this level. The invention overcomes this problem by virtue of the angular offset of the longitudinal edges 60 of the circumferential ends of the foil sectors 50 with respect to the longitudinal edges 58 of the circumferential ends of the ring sectors 18. FIG. Embodiment of the invention in which the foil sectors 50 are staggered with respect to the ring sectors 18. The gases which are capable of passing through the circumferential gaps between the hooks 32 of the sectors of FIG. ring 18 are then blocked by the foil sectors 50 and do not reach the sump rail 36 which has a longer life.
    [0006] As can be seen in FIG. 5, the walls 38, 40 of the ring sectors 18 are "pre-arched" with respect to the casing rail 36, i.e. they have higher radii of curvature to that of the housing rail 36, which allows to mount them with some radial prestressing on the rail. Due to this pre-bending, the ring sector 18 shown in FIG. 5 has support zones C1, C2, C3 which are not very extensive on the rail 36. The median part of the internal face of the wall 38 of the sector 18 is supported in C1 on the outer face of the rail 36 (through the walls 54 of the foil sectors 50 when they are used) and the end portions of the outer face of the wall 40 are supported by C1 and C3 on the inner face of the rail 36 or on the hook 34 of the dispenser 12 and the ring 46, as in the example shown (via the walls 52 of the foil sectors 50 when they are used) . In order not to over-constrain the foil sectors 50, by pinching between the circumferential ends of the ring sectors 18 and the casing rail 36, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 proposes a particular conformation of the sectors of FIG. In the absence of such a conformation, the risk would be to prematurely wear the sectors of foil 50 and to create zones of initiation of cracks in the zones of support C1, C3. In the example shown, the inner wall 52 of each clicking sector 50 10 comprises a notch 66 substantially in its middle. This notch 66 opens on the free and upstream circumferential edge of the wall 52 and here has a general V shape. Each notch 66 has a circumferential extent of between 30 and 60% of the circumferential extent of the foil sector 50 and a dimension longitudinal between 10 and 50% of the longitudinal dimension of the foil sector 50.
    [0007] As can be seen in FIG. 8 in which foil sectors 50 are shown in solid lines and ring sectors 18 are shown in broken lines, the longitudinal edges 58 of the circumferential ends of the hooks 32 of the ring sectors 18 are These notches 66 provide some flexibility to the inner walls 52 of the foil sectors 50. According to the invention, the foil sectors 50 may furthermore be equipped with rotational locking means. . In the example shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, these locking means comprise a notch 70 formed at a circumferential end of the inner wall 52 of each foil sector 50. This notch 70 opens out on the free circumferential edge and upstream of the wall 52 as well as on the longitudinal edge of the corresponding end of the wall. It has a general rectangular shape here. Each notch 70 has a circumferential extent of between 10 and 30% of the circumferential extent of the foil section 50 and a longitudinal dimension of between 20 and 70% of the longitudinal dimension of the foil section 50. notch 70 of each foil sector 50 is aligned radially with a notch 72 of the inner wall 40 of the hook of the ring sector 18, which is located substantially in the middle of this wall. The notches 70, 72 3024883 10 are intended to receive a lug (not shown) of the distributor 12 to immobilize in rotation the ring sector 18 and the foil sector vis-à-vis the other as well as by 14. Figures 9 and 10 show an alternative embodiment of the locking means which comprise here a flap 74. A tab 74 is here carried by the outer wall 54 of each foil sector 50 '. It is located substantially in the middle of the sector 50 'and extends at rest radially outwards and downstream. Its outer radial end 76 is intended to be deformed and folded radially inwards so as to engage it in an external radial notch 78 of the outer wall 38 of the hook of the ring sector 18 '. This ensures immobilization in rotation of the foil sector 50 'vis-à-vis the ring sector 18'. Alternatively, each foil sector may comprise more than one anti-rotation lug of this type. 15
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A turbomachine module comprising a movable wheel (12) rotatably mounted within a housing (14) of the module and surrounded by a sectorized sealing ring (18, 18 ') having an annular array of sectors provided circumferentially end edges (58) of two adjacent sectors are substantially facing each other, each ring sector having at least one circumferential hook (32) which is configured to cooperate with an annular mounting rail (36) of the casing, the module further comprising a sectored annular protective foil (50, 50 ') which is interposed between the hooks of the ring sectors and the casing rail and which comprises an annular row of foil sectors arranged so that circumferential end edges (60) of two adjacent sectors are substantially facing each other, characterized in that the edges of the circumferential ends the foil sectors are not aligned with the edges of the circumferential ends of the ring sectors along the longitudinal axis of the module.
    [0002]
    2. Module according to claim 1, wherein the number of ring sectors (18, 18 ') is equal to the number of sectors of foil (50, 50').
    [0003]
    3. Module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ring sectors (18, 18 ') are arranged in staggered relation to the foil sectors (50, 50').
    [0004]
    4. Module according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the hooks (32) of the ring sectors (18, 18 ') have a generally U-shaped cross-section or C whose opening is oriented axially, and comprise each having a bottom medial wall (42) which connects two respectively radially inner (40) and outer (38) coaxial annular walls, and wherein the foil sectors (50, 50 ') have a generally U-shaped or C whose opening is axially oriented, and each comprise a bottom medial wall (56) which connects two coaxial annular walls radially inner (52) and outer (54) respectively, the foil sectors being engaged in the openings of the hooks ring sectors and mounted on the casing rail (36), so that the inner walls of the foil sectors are interposed between an inner face of the casing rail and the inner walls of the hooks of the ring sectors, that the walls of bottom of the foil sectors are interposed between a substantially radial face of the casing rail and the bottom walls of the hooks of the ring sectors, and that the outer walls of the foil sectors are interposed between an outer face of the casing rail and the outer walls of the hooks of the ring sectors.
    [0005]
    The module of claim 4, wherein the inner walls (40) of the hooks (32) of the ring sectors (18, 18 ') have a radius of curvature different from that of the housing rail (36) so that to be mounted in radial prestressing on the rail, and wherein the inner walls (52) of the foil sectors (50, 50 ') comprise radial notches (66) which open on free circumferential edges of the foil sectors and which are substantially axially aligned with the edges (58) of the circumferential ends of the hooks (32) of the ring sectors (18, 18 ').
    [0006]
    6. Module according to claim 5, wherein said notches (66) each have a generally V-shaped and are substantially formed in the middle of the inner walls (52) of the foil sectors (50, 50 '). 15
    [0007]
    7. Module according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the circumferential ends of the inner walls (40) of the hooks (32) of the ring sectors (18, 18 ') are radially supported on the inner walls (52) of the sectors. of foil (50, 50 '), substantially to the right of funds (68) of the notches (66).
    [0008]
    8. Module according to one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the inner walls (40) 20 or outer (38) of the hooks (32) of the ring sectors (18) comprise radial notches (72, 78) substantially in the middle, and wherein the inner (52) or outer (54) walls of the foil sectors (50, 50 ') comprise either radial end notches (70) which are substantially radially aligned with the notches (72). ) aforesaid hooks ring sectors, or radial flaps (74) foldable which are configured to be folded and engaged in the notches (78) above the hooks of the ring sectors.
    [0009]
    9. Turbomachine, comprising at least one module according to one of the preceding claims.
    [0010]
    10. Sectorized annular protection liner (50, 50 ') for a module according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising an annular row of foil sectors, in which each foil sector has a generally U-shaped cross-section. or in C whose opening is axially oriented, and comprises a bottom medial wall (56) which connects two coaxial annular walls respectively radially inner (52) 3024883 13 and outer (54), said inner walls comprising radial notches (66). ) substantially in their middle, which open on free circumferential edges of the sectors.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2700847C2|2019-09-23|
    EP3180497B1|2019-10-02|
    FR3024883B1|2016-08-05|
    CN106574511B|2019-04-12|
    CN106574511A|2017-04-19|
    RU2017103314A3|2019-02-19|
    US10344610B2|2019-07-09|
    JP6625611B2|2019-12-25|
    US20170218785A1|2017-08-03|
    JP2017529481A|2017-10-05|
    RU2017103314A|2018-09-14|
    CA2956882A1|2016-02-18|
    WO2016024060A1|2016-02-18|
    EP3180497A1|2017-06-21|
    BR112017002041A2|2018-01-30|
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    法律状态:
    2015-08-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-02-19| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20160219 |
    2016-05-06| RM| Correction of a material error|Effective date: 20160404 |
    2016-08-01| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-05-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-02-09| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES, FR Effective date: 20170717 |
    2018-07-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-07-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-07-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-07-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1457829A|FR3024883B1|2014-08-14|2014-08-14|TURBOMACHINE MODULE|FR1457829A| FR3024883B1|2014-08-14|2014-08-14|TURBOMACHINE MODULE|
    CN201580042433.6A| CN106574511B|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|Turbine module|
    PCT/FR2015/052151| WO2016024060A1|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|Turbomachine module|
    JP2017505608A| JP6625611B2|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|Turbomachinery modules|
    US15/501,161| US10344610B2|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|Turbomachine module|
    EP15757535.8A| EP3180497B1|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|Turbomachinerymodule|
    CA2956882A| CA2956882A1|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|Turbomachine module|
    RU2017103314A| RU2700847C2|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|Gas turbine engine module|
    BR112017002041-6A| BR112017002041A2|2014-08-14|2015-08-04|turbocharger module|
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